Here are all the reports from the current climate campaign. They are linked from one document for your convenience.

Arctic Campaign: Press Briefings

ALASKA - Overview of History and Politics The land now known as the state of Alaska has been continuously inhabited by Native peoples for thousands of years: the Tlingit, Haida, and Tsimshian of the southeastern coastal rainforest; the Athabascan tribes of the interior; the Aleut people of the Aleutian Chain and Pribilof Islands; the Yup'ik people of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta and coastal southwest Alaska; and the Inupiat of the northern coast of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas.

A Guide to Oil Reserves and Resources In a world of limited knowledge, evolving technology, restricted investment funds and political constraints on where extractive industries can be undertaken, it is hardly surprising that there is so much uncertainty concerning the world's actual and potential oil wealth.

The m/v Arctic Sunrise The m/v Arctic Sunrise is the latest addition to Greenpeace's fleet. The ship has spent most of its life in icy polar seas. It started its Greenpeace life campaigning against oil pollution in the North At the end of 1996, however, the ship was prepared for its first visit to the Antarctic, and its first ice work for Greenpeace.

Climate Change and Arctic Sea Ice The Arctic ice pack is melting. A large body of recent scientific evidence now verifies what was once science fiction speculation set in an indefinite future.

Climate Change and the Earth's Mountain Glaciers: As the climate has changed over the last century, the world's land ice cover has responded. Nowhere is this more noticeable than in mountain glaciers. Global temperatures have increased by 0.3-0.6oC since late last century and the United Nation's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has concluded that "the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate".

Ozone Depletion and the Arctic The earth's ozone layer, located high above the ground in the stratosphere, filters out harmful burning ultraviolet rays from the sun. For about a billion years, the natural ozone system worked smoothly, allowing life to flourish on earth.

Toxics in the Arctic The health of the world's people can be no better than the health of its water -- the oceans, seas, lakes and rivers. Many of the persistent toxic chemicals that are found today in all reaches of the oceans can also be found in the bodies of virtually all the people of the world.

The Threat of Climate Change to Arctic Wildlife Arctic ecosystems exist in a delicate balance with the region's climate and, based on their reaction to different climates in the past, are likely to change significantly under future climate change

Arctic Campaign: Background Papers

Global Warming and The Carbon Logic While the science relating to the rate and extent of global warming is undoubtedly complex, even the oil industry has begun to acknowledge the basic facts.

The Threat of Climate Change to Boreal Forests The northern boreal forests comprise almost one third of the Earth's forest systems, covering 3.7 billion acres. Along with the temperate forest of the mid-latitudes, and tropical forest near the equator, it is one of the three great forest ecosystems of the world, supporting a unique assemblage of wildlife, endangered species, as well as human needs.

Sea Ice Decline and the Western Arctic The Arctic Ocean is dominated, both climatologically and ecologically, by the vast polar ice pack. The white surface of the pack ice efficiently reflects sunlight away from the Earth and so cools off the entire planet. Many of the unique animals of the Arctic, including polar bears, Arctic fox, walruses, seals, and many species of fish and birds have evolved to take advantage of the special characteristics of the pack ice and the larger ring of thinner sea ice that surrounds it.

Permafrost Thawing and the Western Arctic Permafrost, or permanently frozen soil, is found continuously in most of the Western Arctic, as well as discontinuously further south (especially in shaded areas and north facing slopes). Studies have shown that permafrost is warming rapidly in both Alaska and western Canada because of increasing temperatures and deeper snow packs. The zone of continuous permafrost has moved about 100 kilometers further north over the last century in Canada. Research in Alaska has concluded that most of the zone of discontinuous permafrost is close to thawing.

Climate Change and the Arctic: An Overview The Arctic is home to some of the world's most distinctive mammals, millions of migratory and resident birds, a rich ice-edge community, and some of the world's major fisheries. It is a biologically and culturally unique environment, and one of the last places on Earth where natural conditions still prevail over much of the region.

Salmon And Climate Change The news about Pacific salmon is often confusing. Are stocks in crisis - or not? The short story is that some hatchery stocks are booming, some wild stocks are fine, and far too many unique and irreplaceable stocks - from Alaska to California, are hovering on the edge of extinction.

The Threat of Sea Level Rise According to the world's leading scientists, sea level rise is "arguably one of the most important potential impacts of global climate change." 1 Global average sea level has been rising over the last 100 years, and global warming is expected to increase the annual rate of sea level rise by two to five times. By the year 2100, sea level is projected to be approximately 19 inches higher than it is today. 2 An increase of this magnitude could inundate coastal areas, erode beaches and exacerbate coastal flooding. The costs associated with protecting shorelines in the U.S. alone would be enormous.

Sea Level Rise and the Western Arctic Around the world, sea levels are rising. Scientists have long predicted that climate warming would cause sea water to expand, and melt glaciers and polar ice sheets. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has concluded that doubling levels of carbon dioxide would cause sea level to rise between 0.15 and 0.95 meters by the year 2100, with a "best guess" of about half a meter.

The Politics of Global Climate Change The Toronto Conference on the Changing Atmosphere brought government and scientific experts together to discuss taking action on climate change in 1988. At this conference, governments of industrialized countries voluntarily pledged to cut CO₂ emissions 20 percent by the year 2005.

Climate Change and Prince William Sound In March 1989, the Exxon Valdez spilled 10.8 million gallons of Alaskan crude oil into Prince William Sound, killing thousands of birds and fish, and significantly affecting marine mammals and other wildlife. The accident and its aftermath became one of the most publicized environmental disasters in history.

The Subsidy Scandal - The European clash between environmental rhetoric and public spending Close to $US15 billion of taxpayers' money has been used every year since 1990 to prop up the fossil fuel and nuclear industries in subsidies from the EU and Western European governments.

Troubled Waters El Niño and Climate Change As the impacts of what may be prove to be the strongest El Niño event this century start to bite across the world, there is growing evidence that we may be beginning to witness the effects of human-induced climate change.

Countering The Sceptics The Climate Sceptics are a handful of scientists, many directly subsidised by the fossil fuel lobby and promoting what numerous mainstream scientists regard as blatant misinformation on climate science, thereby contesting the urgent need to tackle the problem of global warming.

Solar Not Oil The Earth is under threat from climate change. Human activities over the last 200 years have resulted in emissions of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide from the burning of oil, coal and gas. This has altered the composition of the atmosphere causing the Earth's temperature to rise. This in turn is changing the climate. The latest scientific report from the United Nations predicts the earth's temperature is expected to rise faster than at any time during the last 10,000 years.

Governments: The Puppets Of Industry? Some of the world's biggest and wealthiest companies attend the international climate negotiations. They are industry lobbyists with a clear agenda: to prevent governments taking swift action at the Kyoto Climate Summit in December to cut steadily rising emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂) - the main greenhouse gas.

atlantic frontier: Press Briefings

Atlantic Frontier Oil, Media Briefing NotesThe Greenpeace Atlantic Frontier campaign is to prevent dangerous climate change by halting further oil expansion and beginning a phase out of fossil fuels.

atlantic frontier: Background Papers

Putting The Lid On Fossil Fuels - The planet is threatened by climate change. The greatest single threat comes from fossil fuels: oil, coal and gas. The UK Government accepts this, yet it is encouraging a massive new search for oil. Fewer and fewer places remain on earth where nature holds sway. Yet it is in one such area that the UK Government has chosen to allow the last great expansion of the oil industry. The area is known as the 'Atlantic Frontier'.

The Debate with Industry

The Subsidy Scandal - The European clash between environmental rhetoric and public spending Close to $US15 billion of taxpayers' money has been used every year since 1990 to prop up the fossil fuel and nuclear industries in subsidies from the EU and Western European governments.

Oiling The Machine - Fossil Fuel Dollars Funneled into the U.S. Political Process Oil, coal, gas and auto industry interests have funnelled substantial funds into U.S. federal elections since the Rio Earth Summit in 1992.

Countering The Sceptics The Climate Sceptics are a handful of scientists, many directly subsidised by the fossil fuel lobby and promoting what numerous mainstream scientists regard as blatant misinformation on climate science, thereby contesting the urgent need to tackle the problem of global warming.

SmILE - Showing Car Companies How it's Done Greenpeace is committed to the eventual phase out of fossil fuel, both in energy use and in transportation, Traffic consumes 60% of world-wide oil production and must be addressed if we are to halt climate change,

Renewable Energy: Press Briefings

Briefing 1: Denmark - Birthplace of Modern Wind Power Modern wind power was born in Denmark. In 1891, an adventurous teacher called Poul la Cour discovered that the traditional clapboard-sailed windmill could be adapted from grinding corn to producing electricity. For many years he provided the lighting for his high school and village houses.

Briefing 2: World Beaters - The Danish Wind Industry "Wind is our cheapest option to cut greenhouse gas emissions" Egon Soegaard, President of Elsam, Danish electricity utility

Briefing 3: Wind Energy - A Global Market Wind energy is a booming international business. Global sales of wind turbines reached US$ 1.5 billion in 1997. On current growth rates, the value of the market is expected to increase eight times by 2002.

Briefing 4: Power From The Sea - The Offshore Revolution Building wind farms out to sea could dramatically transform the Danish power supply system. A national action plan shows how more than 4,000 megawatts of wind power could be installed off the coast of Denmark by the year 2030. Meeting 40 per cent of electricity demand, this would take the country firmly into the lead in the world wind power league.

Briefing 5: Danish National Policy - 50% Wind-Powered Electricity by 2030 Denmark has embraced wind power ever since the 1970s oil crisis first alerted politicians to the fragility of fossil fuels. In the 1990s the imperative is to avoid the disaster of global climate change. As part of their commitment to environmentally benign energy sources the Danes are aiming for half their electricity supply to be generated by the wind in the year 2030.

Briefing 6: Vision 2030: The Future Is Here What does the future hold for wind power? Leading Danish consultant Birger Madsen has produced the following scenario...

Renewable Energy: Reports

Plugging into the Sun, Kickstarting the Solar Age In Crete As part of Greenpeace’s international campaign to stop the use of polluting fossil fuels and promote solar technologies, the construction of the world’s biggest solar photovoltaic power station is about to commence. The Greek Government is set to approve the first 5 Megawatts (MW) of a 50 MW solar power station At 50 Megawatts, it is 15 times larger than any other single photovoltaic installation in the world and more than 50 per cent of the entire 1996 global sales of photovoltaics, the cells which convert solar energy to electricity. 48 million solar cells will be used to provide 116 million kilowatt hours of electricity a year. That is enough power for almost 100,000 people or 30,000 homes.

Unlocking The Power Of Our Cities, Solar Power and Commercial Buildings The world is under threat from the greenhouse gases, principally carbon dioxide, which lead to climate change. The insurance industry has already suffered financial losses due to extreme weather events which are the first ‘fingerprints’ of disruption of the climate.

Solar Not Oil The Earth is under threat from climate change. Human activities over the last 200 years have resulted in emissions of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide from the burning of oil, coal and gas. This has altered the composition of the atmosphere causing the Earth's temperature to rise. This in turn is changing the climate. The latest scientific report from the United Nations predicts the earth's temperature is expected to rise faster than at any time during the last 10,000 years. Many species of plant and animals will be unable to adapt to this rate of warming and will become extinct.

Oil & Solar, Greenpeace International Briefing As the world increasingly ratchets up its response to climate change, the time when a solar economy replaces a fossil fuel economy is almost universally accepted. However it is decisions by industry, governments and people that will determine the pace of change.

Climate Science

FAQ Frequently Asked Questions : Global warning, climate change and the greenhouse effect, What Is The Greenhouse Effect ? What Will Climate Change Lead To? Does The Greenhouse Effect Occur Naturally?

Impacts Database The most comprehensive climate data base on the web, complete with search engine.

The Science of Climate Change The natural greenhouse effect keeps the planet 33°C warmer than it would otherwise be, allowing the earth to sustain life. Over the last 200 years human activities have resulted in emissions of greenhouse gases, (primarily carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels), which have altered the composition of the atmosphere and caused an ‘enhanced’ greenhouse effect. As a result the earth’s temperature is rising and this, in turn, is changing the climate.

El Nino As the impacts of what may be prove to be the strongest El Niño event this century start to bite across the world, there is growing evidence that we may be beginning to witness the effects of human-induced climate change.

Desertification Water shortages and poor harvests during the droughts of the early 1990s exposed the acute vulnerability of the Mediterranean region to climatic extremes. Against this backdrop, the prospect of a major climate change brought about by human activities is a source of growing concern, raising serious questions over the sustainability of the region.

Fossil Fuels and Climate Protection - The Carbon Logic Preventing dangerous climate change will involve limiting both the rate and magnitude of climate change over the next century to levels that natural and human systems can tolerate without significant damage. This report shows the implications for overall fossil fuel use, in the form of a ‘carbon budget’, over the next century if the global community is to prevent dangerous climate change.

Politics

The Politics of Global Climate Change Human-induced climatic change, caused by steadily escalating emissions of the so-called greenhouse gases is now recognised by politicians and scientists alike as a serious global threat to the Earth.

Short Political Chronology From 1990 (Release of the IPCC's First Assessment Report) - October 1998 (Toronto Conference on the Changing Atmosphere).