The Wind Power Industry
Figure 1 : Wind capacity and 2001 prognosis, BCM consult 1997.
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The wind as a source of energy has been used for 4,000 years. From its early start in the pumping water in Persia, it has become one of the most successful of the new renewable energy industries, both in terms of turnover and also newly installed capacity. The technology has changed from slow multi-blade rotors such as the American farm wind mill to sleek, three bladed rotors which are optimised for grid- connected electricity generation. In the same way that an aeroplane plane wing is able to create lift by moving forward through the air, the wind turbine also uses a lift force on its blades to turn the rotor around its circular path and so extract energy from the flow of air. Machines of 1.5MW are now available off the shelf. It is anticipated that large wind farms will increasingly be placed off-shore where the higher cost of installation is overcome by cleaner and more consistent winds, while visual, noise and land-use limitations are avoided |